CRISPR-Based Genome Editing: Emerging Applications in Molecular Biology and Biotechnology

Abstract

CRISPR-based genome editing has transformed molecular biology by enabling targeted modifications of genetic material. This study examines the molecular principles of CRISPR-associated editing systems and their applications in functional genomics, agricultural biotechnology, disease modeling, and experimental therapeutics. It discusses the potential of genome editing to investigate gene function, improve crop characteristics, and develop new approaches to genetic disease research. Particular attention is given to editing accuracy, off-target effects, delivery methods, and ethical considerations. The study also considers the importance of regulatory oversight and long-term safety evaluation. Continued advances in genome editing technologies may expand their scientific and practical applications while requiring careful assessment of biological and societal risk