SYNERGISTIC ANTIFUNGAL EFFECTS OF OCIMUM SANCTUM EXTRACTS WITH CONVENTIONAL THERAPIES

Abstract

Background – Fungal infections are a rising global health challenge, exacerbated by antifungal resistance and limited therapeutic options. Ocimum sanctum (holy basil), a cornerstone of traditional medicine, holds immense promise due to its diverse bioactive phytochemicals. This review explores the innovative potential of Ocimum sanctum extracts in synergizing with conventional antifungal therapies, focusing on mechanisms of action, advanced delivery systems, and future clinical applications.rnMethodsrnComprehensive literature analysis was conducted to investigate the antifungal mechanisms and synergistic interactions of Ocimum sanctum with standard antifungal drugs. State-of-the-art analytical techniques, including HPLC, GC-MS, and FTIR, were reviewed for profiling its active compounds. The review also evaluated modern delivery approaches like nanocarriers, transdermal patches, and polymeric films to enhance its therapeutic efficacy.rnResultsrnOcimum sanctum is a reservoir of bio actives like eugenol, ursolic acid, and rosmarinic acid, which disrupt fungal cell membranes, inhibit biofilm formation, and induce oxidative stress. Synergistic studies reveal its potential to enhance the efficacy of fluconazole and amphotericin B, overcoming resistance in drug-refractory fungal strains. Advanced delivery technologies, such as nanogels and lipid-based systems, significantly improve its bioavailability, stability, and therapeutic outcomes, paving the way for clinical integration.rnConclusion